Nginx笔记

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# 安装Nginx
sudo apt update
sudo apt install nginx

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# 添加 OpenResty 的官方仓库
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:openresty/ppa
sudo apt update
# 安装OpenResty
sudo apt install -y openresty

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# 常用操作命令
nginx -s stop       快速关闭Nginx，可能不保存相关信息，并迅速终止web服务。
nginx -s quit       平稳关闭Nginx，保存相关信息，有安排的结束web服务。
nginx -s reload     因改变了Nginx相关配置，需要重新加载配置而重载。
nginx -s reopen     重新打开日志文件。
nginx -c filename   为 Nginx 指定一个配置文件，来代替缺省的。
nginx -t            不运行，仅仅测试配置文件。nginx 将检查配置文件的语法的正确性，并尝试打开配置文件中所引用到的文件。
nginx -v            显示 nginx 的版本。
nginx -V            显示 nginx 的版本，编译器版本和配置参数。

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# nginx_reverse_proxy.conf
#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

# 反向代理：VMware虚拟机里的web服务
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                     '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                     '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    server {
        listen 8086;
        server_name web.yourdomain.com;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://192.168.183.132:8086/;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        }
    }

    server {
        listen 8090;
        server_name admin.yourdomain.com;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://192.168.183.132:8090/;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        }
    }
}

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#nginx_load_banlancer.conf
#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

# # 负载均衡：适合高并发查询服务
http {
    # upstream backend_servers {
    #     # 负载均衡策略：默认轮询

    #     server 192.168.183.132:8086;
    #     server 192.168.183.132:8090;
    # }

    # upstream backend_servers {
    #     # 负载均衡策略：加权轮询 + 失败重试配置
    #     # 在fail_timeout时间内失败了max_fails次请求后，则认为该上游服务器不可用，然后将该服务地址踢除掉。fail_timeout时间后会再次将该服务器加入存活列表，进行重试

    #     server 192.168.183.132:8086 weight=3 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=60s;
    #     server 192.168.183.132:8090 weight=2 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=60s;
    # }

    upstream backend_servers {
        # 负载均衡策略：最小链接
        least_conn;

        server 192.168.183.132:8086;
        server 192.168.183.132:8090;
    }

    # upstream backend_servers {
    #     # 负载均衡策略：ip哈希
    #     ip_hash;

    #     server 192.168.183.132:8086;
    #     server 192.168.183.132:8090;
    # }
    
    # <-------------------------------------------------->

    # 针对某个http服务进行负载均衡
    server {
        listen 8020;
        server_name test.thinkshop.com;

        location / {
            proxy_pass http://backend_servers;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        }
    }

    # # 针对某个websocket服务进行负载均衡
    # server {
    #     listen 8030;
    #     server_name match.yourdomain.com;

    #     location / {
    #         proxy_pass http://backend_servers;
    #         proxy_http_version 1.1;
    #         proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
    #         proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
    #         proxy_set_header Host $host;
    #         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    #         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    #         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    #     }
    # }
}